THE STRUCTURAL APPROACH

THE STRUCTURAL APPROACH 

As the name suggests, the method is all about structure. The idea is that any language is made up of complex grammar rules. These rules, according to this approach need to be learnt in a specific order, for example the logical thing would be to teach the verb “to be” prior to teaching the present continuous which requires using the auxiliary form of the verb “to be.”

GENERAL OPINION

This method makes the learner learn in a specific order

ADVANTAGES 

-Within the structural approach, the following can be taught by different methods 

-Transposition: sometimes, a change in the order of the sentence is necessary when a word is added a word is added. 

DISADVANTAGES 

Some gaps may appear in the student's training.

THE LEXICAL APPROACH

 THE LEXICAL APPROACH

The Lexical syllabus or approach is based on computer studies that have previously identified the most commonly used words. This approach in teaching focuses on vocabulary acquisition and teaching lexical chunks in order of their frequency and use. Teachers of the Lexical Approach place a great emphasis on authentic materials and realistic scenarios for more valuable learning.

GENERAL OPINION

I consider that the lexical approach is dynamic and knowledge can be increased because the different adducts provide varied information that contributes to broadening the knowledge that one has about the different units, which allows understanding and using words, although more knowledge is necessary to produce than to  understand.  On the other hand, it is also important that the different units establish multiple relationships among themselves and that the lexicon is organized.

ADVANTAGE

Develop the ability to understand syntactic aspects.  Students are able to learn new vocabulary to talk about different trades and professions.  Encourage the use of the dictionary.  It offers many new and effective vocabulary activities.

DISADVANTAGES

Students will not match the lexical inventory of native speakers Lacks a precise methodology.

THE GRAMMAR TRASLATION METHOD

 

THE GRAMMAR TRASLATION METHOD 

Just like its name suggests, this method of teaching English is grammar heavy and relies a lot on translation. This is the traditional or ‘classical’ way of learning a language and it’s still commonly used when learning some languages. Some countries prefer this style of teaching and the main idea behind this method is that the students learn all grammar rules, so they’re able to translate a number of sentences. This is particularly common for those students who wish to study literature at a deeper level.

GENERAL OPINION

For me this method is very good, but it should not be used 100% in teaching, since it must be complemented with some other methods.

ADVANTAGE

The detailed analysis of the grammatical rules and exceptions to then apply the acquired knowledge to the translation of sentences and texts that is carried out from the target language to the own language and vice versa.

DISADVANTAGES

Giving students the already systematized rules is:

• Using their capacity for reflection very little,
• Which means giving them an extremely passive role.
• When producing several problems arise.

COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING (CLT)

COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING (CLT)

The idea behind this approach is to help learners communicate more effectively and correctly in realistic situations that they may find themselves in. This type of teaching involves focusing on important functions like suggesting, thanking, inviting, complaining, and asking for directions to name but a few.

GENERAL OPINION 

Such a method helps learners create meaningful sentences (rather than helping them build perfectly correct grammatical structures or achieve perfect pronunciation). 

ADVANTAGES 

-Emphasizes communication in the foreign language through interaction.

-It gives importance to students' personal experiences as elements that contribute to classroom learning.

-Attempts to relate the language learned in the classroom to activities carried out outside the classroom, in real social contexts.

DISADVANTAGES 

The teaching of a language and its efficiency depends partially on the ability to understand the methodology being used and the effects it can have on the learners and their needs.

SUGGESTOPEDIA

 

SUGGESTOPEDIA

This is a behaviourist theory and related to pseudoscience. This method relies heavily on students’ belief about the method’s effectiveness. This theory is intended to offer learners various choices, which in turn helps them become more responsible for their learning.

 

It relies a lot on the atmosphere and the physical surroundings of the class. It’s essential that all learners feel equally comfortable and confident. When teachers are training to use the Suggestopedia method, there’s a lot of art and music involved. Each Suggestopedia lesson is divided into three different phases.

1. Deciphering 

2. Concert Session

3. Elaboration.

GENERAL OPINION

In my point of view, this suggestion-pediatric method is good since it addresses the student, not to the memorization of vocabulary and the acquisition of speaking habits, but to the acts of communication.

ADVANTAGE

• The class takes place in a calm and relaxed atmosphere.  

• The class is accompanied by relaxed music in the background.  

• The characteristics of the environment help reduce student anxiety. 

• Use of the target language and mother tongue as support.

DISADVANTAGES

• The use of the language occurs in a non-real context.

• It is a good method to start and / or end the class, but not to use it all the time.

• Students assume a 'passive' role while listening to music or to the teacher. · It is effective only in small groups.

• The teacher You must show absolute confidence in the method, have acting and singing skills, and handle psychotherapeutic techniques.

The Silent Way

 The Silent Way

The Silent Way emphasises learner autonomy. The teacher acts merely as a facilitator trying to encourage students to be more active in their learning. The main of this way of teaching is for the teacher to say very little, so students can take control of their learning. There’s a big emphasis on pronunciation and a large chunk of the lesson focuses on it. This method of learning English follows a structural syllabus and grammar, vocabulary and pronunciation are constantly drilled and recycled for reinforcement. The teacher evaluates their students through careful observation, and it’s even possible that they may never set a formal test as learners are encouraged to correct their own language errors.

GENERAL OPINION

The silent method could help me in my language classes using the logical part, so I think that the silence method is a very good work strategy since the didactics guarantees the logical learning of the language because it is a method that is based on the idea  that the teacher should keep the utmost silence and encourage students to produce statements.

ADVANTAGE

It can be used mainly in teaching subjects such as mathematics, prepositions of place, phrases and pronunciation.

                                                    DISADVANTAGES 

Teaching vocabulary seems tedious and could become a barrier to learning.  At advanced levels it is not very effective, since it faces difficulties having fulfilled the task of teaching the language.

TASK BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING

TASK BASED LANGUAGE LEARNING 

The main aim of this approach to learning is task completion. Usually, relevant and interesting tasks are set by the teacher and students are expected to draw on their pre-existing knowledge of English to complete the task with as few errors as possible.

GENERAL OPINION 

En este método los alumnos desarrollan una tarea comunicativa usando el lenguaje que han adquirido. Es solamente después de que se ha completado el ciclo de tareas que la atención de los alumnos se dirige a las formas específicas del lenguaje.

ADVANTAGE

-In task-based learning, learners focus first on meaning.

-The task focuses on the use of language for actual communication.

-Tasks are based on the needs, interests and goals of the learners.

-Tasks encourage learners to use all of their linguistic resources rather than selected aspects of the language.

DISADVANTAGES

The teacher should try to prevent them by being prepared to deal with any possible disruptions and disturbances by using techniques such as eye contact and directing questions or comments to students. questions or comments to students.